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ELECTRODE TYPE

Bipolar: Bipolar electrodes generate an electric field that resides between both electrodes at a fixed distance, the electrical energy flows through the tissue between the two and penetrability is accepted as half the distance between the two electrodes. That is, the Bipolar electrode attains less tissue penetrability. A variation of the Bipolar system is the Multipolar system, which generates electrical fields between several receptor and transmitter electrodes with a penetrability that can be maximised by generating overlapping fields of the same polarity that repel each other reaching greater tissue penetrability. (Vgr.Endymed 3 Deep® 1 MHz).

Unipolar: A Unipolar electrode applies the radiofrequency on the area in contact with the skin. There are systems with an inductive electrode and a recovery electrode (Vgr. Thermacool®, 6 MHz) or an aerial system, without a pull-back electrode (Vgr. Accent® 40, 6 MHz).

As far as its effectiveness and penetrability there is a relationship according to:

The size of the electrode also conditions penetrability, in the case of Thermacool® there are different electrode sizes to induce heating at more or less depth according to the size of the tips used.

Types of Radiofrequency

The application of Radiofrequency on the tissue can be Unipolar or Bipolar:

• Unipolar Radiofrequency uses a transmitter electrode in contact with the skin which is the treatment electrode and another, known as pull-back, is placed at a distance from the treatment area with a larger surface than the transmitter electrode. If the transmitter electrode is small, all the radiofrequency is concentrated in one point and if the radiofrequency delivery power is high, it serves as a cutting and coagulation tool. When the transmitter electrode has a larger surface, energy is distributed over a larger tissue area and produces a more moderate increase in the temperature, acquiring more penetrating characteristics.
• Bipolar Radiofrequency uses both a transmitter electrode as well as pull-back in the handpiece in contact with the skin. So that tissue penetration is half the distance between both electrodes. It is therefore a radiofrequency with less penetrability but at the same time it is considered safer since it only flows between both electrodes -without extending throughout the organism- to the pull-back electrode proper of the unipolar radiofrequency.

General conductor gels, oils or creams are used for its application, depending on the radiofrequency system used.

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