TISSUE EFFECT ACCORDING TO THE TEMPERATURE
The main factors that determine the intensity of the physiological reactions induced by heat therapies are:
1. Tissue temperature.
A number of studies have proven that the therapeutic range extends between local tissue temperatures of around 40 to 45 ºC.
The most important factor that conditions the broadness of physiological response to heat is the level of elevation of the tissue temperature. Lehmann studied the percentage of hyperaemic reaction with ultrasounds on laboratory animals, maintaining the duration of application constant. No reactions were observed under a certain threshold (42 ºC). However, at temperatures equal to or greater than 45 ºC, the destructive changes associated with therapeutic hyperaemia were inevitable. In short, any change in tissue temperature, within the therapeutic margin, produces an extensive modification in the degree of physiological response, leaving a narrow margin of therapeutic efficacy.
2. Duration of the elevation of tissue temperature.
The approximate commonly accepted therapeutic margin is 3 to 30 minutes and sessions of no more than five minutes are considered adequate. Over 20 minutes, greater effects are not obtained, as the blood’s thermal conduction cools the area.
3. Rising speed of tissue temperature.
The rising speed of tissue temperature is another factor to consider. A thermo therapeutic modality that produces fast elevation of temperature to the therapeutic level produces an effect superior to that of another that produces this elevation slower, given that both are applied at the same time. [] During a specific application period, the tissue temperature is maintained longer in the region of biological efficacy, with the modality which produces the faster rise in temperature.
4. Size of the treatment area.
This factor is of particular importance when therapeutic action through reflex mechanisms is the aim; this depends on the intensity of the applied stimulus and of the scope of "neural entry".
A number of studies have proven that the therapeutic range extends between local tissue temperatures of around 40 to 45 ºC.
The most important factor that conditions the broadness of physiological response to heat is the level of elevation of the tissue temperature. Lehmann studied the percentage of hyperaemic reaction with ultrasounds on laboratory animals, maintaining the duration of application constant. No reactions were observed under a certain threshold (42 ºC). However, at temperatures equal to or greater than 45 ºC, the destructive changes associated with therapeutic hyperaemia were inevitable. In short, any change in tissue temperature, within the therapeutic margin, produces an extensive modification in the degree of physiological response, leaving a narrow margin of therapeutic efficacy.
The approximate commonly accepted therapeutic margin is 3 to 30 minutes and sessions of no more than five minutes are considered adequate. Over 20 minutes, greater effects are not obtained, as the blood’s thermal conduction cools the area.
The rising speed of tissue temperature is another factor to consider. A thermo therapeutic modality that produces fast elevation of temperature to the therapeutic level produces an effect superior to that of another that produces this elevation slower, given that both are applied at the same time. [] During a specific application period, the tissue temperature is maintained longer in the region of biological efficacy, with the modality which produces the faster rise in temperature.
This factor is of particular importance when therapeutic action through reflex mechanisms is the aim; this depends on the intensity of the applied stimulus and of the scope of "neural entry".
When an intense response is wanted to a heat therapy, the following is necessary: 1. Reaching a temperature higher than the area to be treated.
15) Novel Radiofrequency (RF) Device for Cellulite and Body Reshaping Therapy
Joseph Lepselter Ph.D. and Yaron Assaf, M.D.
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Last update:
19 / 02 / 2012
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